Case 2 Diagnosis : Thou shouldst say regarding : 'One havnd in his head.Instructions concerning a wound, penetrating to the bone. If thou findest his skull ing a perforation in it. Examination : If thou examinest a man having a wound his, penetrating to the bone, thou shouldst pals. Case 2 Title : Instructions concerning a wound, penetrating to the bone.Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus 1 st Textbook in Surgery Each case starts with a clinical examination, then comes diagnosis and prognosis: “ Thou should say concerning him… “… an ailment I will treat”, “… an ailment I should contend with” or “.an ailment not to be treated”.Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus 1 st Textbook in Surgery □ Translated by: James Henry Breasted Director of the Oriental Institute at University of Chicago □ With medical notes prepared by Arno Luckhardt □ Published in 1930. Imhotep ? □ PM for King Djoser, □ a priest and an architect □ a doctor who was later deified by Egyptians as the “ God of Medicine ” The Author Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus 1 st Textbook in Surgery.Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus Stayed in print for at least 1500 years.Edwin Smith □ Edwin Smith kept the ancient treatise □ In 1905, Mr Smith’s daughter donated the artefact to New York Historical Society □ The medical treatise was written around 1700 B.C., but most of the information based on texts written around 3000B.C.□ Bought a remarkable papyrus on 20 January 1862 from Mustafa Agha an Egyptian business man □ Mr Smith realised that the papyrus is a unique ancient Egyptian medical treatise. Edwin Smith “ The American Farmer of Luxor” □ An American free wheeler and dealer of antiquities Reputed as advising upon, and even practicing forgery of antiquities.Tomb of master builder Ibwy, Thebe 1200 b.c. First Depiction of Surgery A celebrated group of instruments carved in relief at the temple of Kom Ombo Wall painting of an oculist treating a workman.First Depiction of Surgery 6th Dynasty Tomb of Ankh-ma-hor, Saqqara Nunn (1996).Some date back to 5000 years “ In medical knowledge, Egypt leaves the rest of the world behind.” Homer, The Odyssey □ Medicine in Ancient Egypt Similar to our practice today □ Very advanced in all branches of medicine □ Surgical knowledge was well developed □ Medical texts and references were well-written and well-preserved. Homer, The Iliad □ Capital of Egypt in the New Kingdom (1570 – 1070 BC) □ Heart of religion, art and political supremacy in Egypt in Egyptian Thebes the heaps of precious ingots gleam the hundred-gated Thebes”. Edwin Smith Papyrus: The First Textbook in Surgery Abderahman Kamaledeen Salah Kamaledeen Barts and The London Children’s Hospital History Club Aberdeen - July 2010. Edwin smith papyrus 1st texbook in surgery 07
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